ROAST (Robust Asynchronous Schnorr Threshold signatures) is a proposed cryptographic protocol designed to enhance existing Schnorr threshold signature schemes used in Bitcoin and its second layers.

Existing signature schemes assume a synchronous network and lack robustness, which hinders their adoption in real-world applications and second-layer protocols. ROAST addresses these limitations by providing a simple wrapper that transforms a given threshold signature scheme.

For example, when applied to the Schnorr threshold signature scheme FROST and federated networks like Liquid, ROAST can guarantee that a quorum of signers can always obtain a valid signature, even if the network is slow and there are disruptive participants. ROAST could also increase the number of participants (signers) in the federation to hundreds, further decentralizing consensus.

More information on ROAST can be found by reading its official whitepaper.